Wednesday, January 29, 2020
Pornography and Sexual Violence Essay Example for Free
Pornography and Sexual Violence Essay The class is social psychology. Please use proper headings, double spacing, 12 pt font, one-inch margins, page numbering, and logical flow from topic to topic. Citations may be from the Web, texts, books or scientific journals. Magazine and newspaper citations are generally unacceptable. Please be original with your own views. Being with a strong, creative, original thesis clearly stating what you are trying to show.            Pornography is a term utilized to depict the various sexual practices and desires to arouse the viewer sexually. It should also be clearly distinguished from the term ‘obscenity’. Obscenity is frequently utilized legally to suggest pornographic material. This material may be deemed as illegal if it crosses all the social barriers of decency and is liable for criminal punishment. Sexual images of women can create a positive influence or a negative influence on man. Women can be portrayed as objects of sex, pleasure, abuse and violence. This has resulted in degradation of the status of women in the current world. Feminists throughout the world are objecting at the problems pornography has created for women. During the early 1980’s, pornography became a huge feminist issue. The political situation in the West was also changing during that period. People began to feel the need for greater amount of freedom. Several of the moral issues such as abortion, reproductive rights, sexuality, etc, began to be questioned. Abortion began to be accepted giving the women greater amount of control over their body. Today, women should be pure before the marriage and need to be loyal to their husbands during their married life. Marriage is a relationship in which sex is performed only for reproductive purposes and not for pleasure. If a woman indulged in sex outside their marriage, it was considered to be a form of prostitution. Frequently, women are forced into getting them photographed for creating pornographic material. The pornographic industry throughout the world has turned out into a multibillion-dollar industry (about $ %6 billion), providing material in various forms including movies, internet, books, videos, etc (Malamuth et al, 2005, Utah State University, 2007 Webb, 2007). Recently, there has been an increase in the number of cases of child abuse throughout the world. The exact cause for this has not been understood clearly. A study conducted by Knudsen does not show a direct relationship between sexual violence against children and pornography. A thorough assessment was created using laboratory findings and case studies of those who had suffered from child sexual abuse. It was found that child sexual abuse was only affected to a slight and indirect extent by pornography (Knudsen, 2005).            Frequently, people associate pornography with erotica. However, there is a lot of difference between these two aspects. Erotica is a situation of an intimate relationship between humans such that closeness, communication, intimacy and sexual arousal are felt. Erotica utilize various symbols for communication and the feeling of interaction.  It could be considered to be one system of language or dialect. Hence, erotica is usually shared between people belonging to close group, culture, religion, sect, ethnic community, etc. People belonging to other communities, sects, group, etc, would be unable to share and communicate with their partner. Hence, the erotic appeal may not be present in such circumstances. Erotica cannot mix with brutality. To some extent erotica can vary from one taste to another. Many people use the term erotica in order to demonstrate and applaud pornography. However, both these terms need to be completely differentiated from one another. Pornography is the misuse of women and children in the name of erotica. This misuse can be considered in two ways. Firstly, a woman may be abused and forced into pornography through the erotica. Besides, many of the female pornography material depict man dominating and abusing women and treating them as mere objects. I do feel that pornography directly and indirectly creates a situation in which the woman is victimized. This may further the chances of women getting sexually offended (Utah State University, 2007).            Many of the material available today on the internet and the print media has been generated by threatening women into certain acts that have not been expected. For example, Linda Marchiano was threatened with a gun to perform several sexual acts in the film Deep Throat. Today graphic material is available on the Internet of women being tortured, raped and victimized for the sake of sexual arousal. I do feel that this may not create a sense of erotica but instead encourage violence and crime against women (Utah State University, 2007).            Pornography has changed the entire concept of masculinity and femininity. Earlier, these two genders were considered as complimentary to one another. A woman was basically made to supplement the needs of man. However, pornography has spoilt this relationship between man and woman. Indirectly man is victimizing women in the name of pornography. Men dominate women and children using pornographic material. Man would try to conquer other sexually, and women would have to submit to the sexual needs of man. In a husband-wife relationship, the wife would become the weaker party and the husband would become the stronger one. Once this domination is created, every chance exists for the man to abuse and ill-treat the woman. Today pornography has been closely associated with male supremacy. As pornography is becoming more and more common in today’s world, it is having a negative influence on the people. Pornography touches upon male dominance, sexual inequality and sexual subordination. Hence, people consider and use violence, force and domination as a part of sex. This helps to spread terrorism and hatred amongst the population. Today, people are unable to identify the thin line present between pornography and erotica (Utah State University, 2007).            Pornography may influence the individual to various extents depending on the individual factors, the type of pornographic material, the extent to which the material causes sexual arousal, etc. Studies have demonstrated that when children and adolescents are exposed to pornographic material, there are chances that these children on becoming adults would have perverted sexual tendencies. They may also perform violent acts in order to gain sexual gratification. However, some studies have demonstrated that expose of the child or adolescent to a minimal amount of pornographic material during early age would help them to benefit later, as they would be aware of the sexual processes that occur in adults. However, this area needs to be thoroughly researched further to determine the type of pornographic material and the extent to which they would benefit (Malamuth et al, 2005).            The World needs to change its attitude toward pornography. To some extent individuals possessing certain characteristics may be exposed to a greater extent than others to pornographic material. A study conducted by Malamuth et al (2005) demonstrated that men, who were exposed to material containing sexuality and violence against women, accepted these attacks secretly. The acceptance was much greater in men who were exposed to pornographic material than those who were not. Men who were exposed to media presentations of material, which glorified sexual attacks on women, developed aggressive attitudes towards women (Malamuth et al, 2005).            Thus it can be seen that pornographic material is harmful to the development of cordial relationships throughout the world between man and woman. The effect of pornographic material varies depending on the culture, region of the world, sect, religion, etc. Scientists should try to develop a method of determining the direct relationship that exists between pornography and sexual violence against women. The Internet may be a very useful resource for teenagers and students. However, this resource could also be misused, as activity may be difficult to monitor. It is high time for the law-enforcement agencies and parents to help control the activity of teenagers and students over the Internet. The manner in which the child or teenagers utilizes the Internet plays a major role in the development of the personality and behavior later in life (Paul et al, 2005 Bremer, 2005). References: Bremer, J. (2005). â€Å"The Internet and children: advantages and disadvantages.†Psychiatr Clin N Am, 14(3), 405-428. http://www.springerlink.com/content/g074414vx721x677/ Knudsen, D. D. (2005). â€Å"Child sexual abuse and pornography: Is there a relationship?†Journal of Family Violence, 3(4), 253-267. Malamuth, N., Huppin, M. (2005). â€Å"Pornography and Teenagers: The Importance of Individual Differences.†Adol Med Clin, 16(2). Paul, B. Bryant, J. A. (2005). â€Å"Adolescents and the Internet.†Adol Med Clin, 16(2). Utah State University (2007). â€Å"Lesson 10. Pornography, Violence, and the Law.†Retrieved on December 7, 2007, from Utah State University Web site: http://cc.usu.edu/~fath6/Gen5.htm Villani, V. S. (2005). â€Å"Media literacy for clinicians and parents.†Child Adolesc Psychiatr Clin N Am, 14(3), 523-553. Webb, E. (2007). â€Å"Pornography or Censorship-Silence or Choice?†Retrieved on December 7, 2007, from DSP Web site: http://www.dsp.org.au/dsp/porno.htm
Tuesday, January 21, 2020
James A. Naismith: Creator of Basketball :: Biography
Millions of players of basketball which was created by one man by the name of Dr. James A. Naismith. James Naismith was born around the 1860s. James Naismith created the game of basketball in 1891. Dr. James A. Naismith was truly influential to the sports world through the creation of basketball, building Kansas University basketball tradition, and changing lives of millions of people through the game of basketball. Before the game of basketball James Naismith was truly influential to the sports world. According to James A. Naismith â€Å"as a young man, Naismith studied Theology and excelled in various sports. Naismith was always drawn to religion because he knew he wanted to help others, but his life's mission became clear to him one day during a football game: a football teammate began cursing after a blown play, but then stopped and apologized to Naismith, who was known for his morals. Naismith realized that "there might be other ways of doing well besides preaching" and got the idea that he could practice his ministry through sports†(1). James Naismith was always thought of as a man known for his morals. According to an article entitled James A. Naismith, â€Å"Naismith also is credited with inventing the helmet for football players. Which gives better safety to football players"(1). The football helmet is truly beneficial to football and sports world. The creation of basketball and before the creation of basketball was truly influential to the sports world. Basketball has a huge impact on the sports world. Naismith began to think about a new game that could be played indoors during the winter. In two weeks, he’d come up with the basic concepts that would define the game basket ball: to discourage tackling, players would not be able to run with the ball, but made the game of basketball would was made to pass it; the players would have to loft the ball instead of shoot it. In 1891, Naismith was appointed an instructor by Luther Halsey Gulick, Jr. Head of Physical Education at Springfield. Naismith put sports together such as soccer, American Football, Field Hockey and other sports. â€Å"Naismith created the game of basket ball for players to play during football and baseball. The game started with two peach baskets, a soccer ball and 13 rules.†(Original Rules of Basketball 1) Rains and Carpenter said â€Å"Naismith loved the idea that a minimum of a basketball, a basket, and a place to play (52). James A. Naismith: Creator of Basketball :: Biography Millions of players of basketball which was created by one man by the name of Dr. James A. Naismith. James Naismith was born around the 1860s. James Naismith created the game of basketball in 1891. Dr. James A. Naismith was truly influential to the sports world through the creation of basketball, building Kansas University basketball tradition, and changing lives of millions of people through the game of basketball. Before the game of basketball James Naismith was truly influential to the sports world. According to James A. Naismith â€Å"as a young man, Naismith studied Theology and excelled in various sports. Naismith was always drawn to religion because he knew he wanted to help others, but his life's mission became clear to him one day during a football game: a football teammate began cursing after a blown play, but then stopped and apologized to Naismith, who was known for his morals. Naismith realized that "there might be other ways of doing well besides preaching" and got the idea that he could practice his ministry through sports†(1). James Naismith was always thought of as a man known for his morals. According to an article entitled James A. Naismith, â€Å"Naismith also is credited with inventing the helmet for football players. Which gives better safety to football players"(1). The football helmet is truly beneficial to football and sports world. The creation of basketball and before the creation of basketball was truly influential to the sports world. Basketball has a huge impact on the sports world. Naismith began to think about a new game that could be played indoors during the winter. In two weeks, he’d come up with the basic concepts that would define the game basket ball: to discourage tackling, players would not be able to run with the ball, but made the game of basketball would was made to pass it; the players would have to loft the ball instead of shoot it. In 1891, Naismith was appointed an instructor by Luther Halsey Gulick, Jr. Head of Physical Education at Springfield. Naismith put sports together such as soccer, American Football, Field Hockey and other sports. â€Å"Naismith created the game of basket ball for players to play during football and baseball. The game started with two peach baskets, a soccer ball and 13 rules.†(Original Rules of Basketball 1) Rains and Carpenter said â€Å"Naismith loved the idea that a minimum of a basketball, a basket, and a place to play (52).
Monday, January 13, 2020
Illusions Brownies ZZ Packer Analysis Essay
The Brownies description of troop 909 â€Å"They were white girls, their complexions a blend of ice cream: strawberry, vanilla in the first few lines it is very clear that racial issues and segregation is a main topic. The author ZZ Packer did a great job stating since the beginning that the stories was going to be confrontational â€Å"Troop 909 was doomed from the first day of camp;†Segregation is also still happening during this time since there is no diversity in the members of the each troop, one is all African American and the other is all Caucasian girls. The girls immediately start being rude and negative with the white girls calling them â€Å"wet Chihuahuas†that they smelled bad. The brownies are not interested in even getting to know the girls. No matter what the white girls would do, the brownies would be annoyed regardless. You can tell that the girls are very unaware color/race since there fourth grade class started using â€Å"Caucasian†as a jo ke whenever the kids felt it fit in. Also stating that â€Å"Whites were like baby pigeons: real and existing, but rarely seen or thought about. During the time this story takes place segregation and racism was still very much alive blacks and whites only understood their own point of views and reacted by being closed minded on the issue. This is apparent in Brownies since the story is told from a child’s perspective and usually kids form certain opinions based on their parent’s reaction of a subject or belief. The confrontation is promised in the part when Octavia commanded that every girl in the brownie troop by no means allow absolutely any one to disrespect any other the members by calling them â€Å"niggers.†Later that day one Arnetta says she heard one of the girls from troop 909 call them a â€Å"nigger.†At first one did not seem too concerned but as the day went on the thought had simmered inside her and she wanted some form of revenge. ZZ Packer showcases the Brownies secret racial hatred for the white girls through ironic humor. She transmits hidden philosophical messages to the reader through her words. While explaining the significance of a secret meeting, she also talks about the meaning of a secret saying, â€Å"A secret meant nothing; it was like gossip: just a bit of unpl easant knowledge about someone who happened to be someone other than yourself†. This is an effectual use of dramatic irony because the definition Packer provides for â€Å"gossip†is the basis of the entire story. The Brownies creates the lie that one of the white girls used the racial slur â€Å"nigger†and this drives the rest of the story. Racism is also very apparent in the story line at no giving point in the story do you read anything about the scouts doing an activity together or mingling. Its this way it keep the animosity building up. The white girls seemed to always be the first ones doing everything. It demonstrate in a subtle way that they are superior than the black girls to us the reader. Whites are viewed as the better race in an all African American community. Everything about the girls in troops 909 radiate beauties that result in an envy and hatred from the brownies. â€Å"Their long, shampoo-commercial hair, straight as spaghetti from the box†such phrases are triggers that add up to bringing out racism. ZZ packer demonstrates how we are all in a way deprived and unfortunate. The curve ball in the plot where the brownies encounter troop 909 and they discover that the girls are mentally challenged, put out in the open the unfairness and injustice experienced by society. The irony lies in that the brownies are now superior to the white girls because of their condition. It is interesting how from the beginning of the story we are made aware of Laurel feelings towards her father. Laurel was so captivated by Daphne’s poem â€Å"you are my father the veteran†. Laurel probably feels very proud of her father and the positive role he plays in her life. Once she started telling the girls about the story of the Mennonites. â€Å" I now understood what he meant, and why he did it, though I didn’t like it†. As laurel keeps telling the girls about her father’s action. An epiphany happened to her. Her father was doing the same things the Mennonites even though they were painting his porch he was not nice to them. It implies the insensibility people have to chosen to adopt when it comes to living peacefully with other races. Using irony and contrast, ZZ Packer tells us that it is unimaginable to find perfection in our world or an individual. no one is perfect and it is this inevitable imperfection of life that inflicts deprivation and misfortune in human lives.
Saturday, January 4, 2020
A Philosophical Approach to Capital Punishment Essay
The America that we live in today is one that is divided in more ways that we can imagine. Issues such as race, gender, sexual orientation, religion, socioeconomic status, and political views are all issues that polarize our great nation. Within each of these categories lie more specific and focused issues that can be as equally debated and unsettled. Issues such as abortion, gay rights and other ideas that deal with human liberty and freedom are often considered to be hot button issues in politics and can even invoke strong enough emotions to influence presidential elections. One issue of this nature that has been the topic of great discussion and debate over the last century, especially in the United States, is the idea of capital†¦show more content†¦Before examining the death penalty, it is important that we take a close look at the idea of punishment and the role it plays in our society today. The idea of punishment itself may seem simple however it is more complex than you may imagine. Punishment in and of itself, by definition, is the intentional infliction of pain or harm on another individual in response to a wrong that they have done. This idea of causing intentional harm may seem indefensible to many and the idea of capital punishment takes those feeling to an even greater extreme . Before we can fully understand how the death penalty can fit into our system of punishment, we must first know what the main goals of punishment are. According to Thiroux, there are four main requirements of punishment: It must involve unpleasantness of some sort, it must be imposed or endured for some reason, it should be imposed by some person or group that has â€Å"duly constituted†moral or legal authority and it must be imposed according to certain rules or law . The way the death penalty is administered in the United States allows for it to check all four of those boxes. 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